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The  article  studies  the  regularities  of  pyrogenic  changes  in  the  spectral-reflective  properties  of  semidesert  and  desert  landscapes  in  the  year  of  fire.  Changes  in  albedo  and  surface  temperature  affect  atmospheric processes and lead to climatic changes. For this reason, it is necessary to study the features of  seasonal  and  years  long  dynamics  of  the  spectral-reflective  characteristics  of  burned-out  areas. The  research  is  based  on  the  long-term  archive  of  data  on  the  detection  of  active  combustion,  NDVI  vegetation  index,  temperature  and  surface  albedo  over  the  period  2001–2019.  The  article  presents  field  spectrometry  data  showing  the  differences  in  burned  areas,  open  soils,  green  and  dry  vegetation. We  have  revealed  a  decrease  in  albedo  and  NDVI  after  fires  in  semi-desert  landscapes  by  10–20  %,  which levels off at the end of the growing season. In desert landscapes, there is practically no decrease in  albedo  after  fires,  but  an  increase  of  15–20  %  follows,  which  can  be  traced  for  several  years  after  burnout. For both types of landscapes, an excess of NDVI values in subsequently burnt-out territories is typical as compared to unburned ones. This is due to the fact that a certain supply of dry plant matter is required for the spread of fire. As a result, areas with a larger mortmass are burned out. The change in the surface albedo in the visible and infrared ranges can serve as a predictor for the algorithms used for  recognizing  burned-out  areas  in  the  studied  types  of  landscapes.  The  fire  regime  of  the  territory  should be taken into account when studying atmospheric processes and climatic changes.